Indien ist zweifelsohne eines der spannendsten Länder, in denen nachhaltige Entwicklung mit allen Herausforderungen und positiven Initiativen umgesetzt wird. Mit einer Bevölkerung von 1,2 Milliarden Menschen ist Indien unmittelbar vom Klimawandel betroffen durch häufigere Überschwemmungen, dem zunehmenden Salzgehalt des Wassers in den Küstenregionen und dem Verlust von Tier-und Pflanzenarten. Aber in Indien gibt es auch die vielfältigsten Bemühungen, diesen Entwicklungen entgegenzuwirken.
Eine indische Perspektive zum Thema nachhaltiger Entwicklung in Indien der indischen Griffith University Studentin Ashima Sood (03/2015):
„Until now we are pretty much aware about what sustainable development is, but sadly its not the same for every country. Here I want to discuss about the sustainable development in India and the difficulties faced by my country. India is a developing superpower, but looking at the gloomy side of it India is the second largest country in terms of its population after china, where 35% are living in poverty and 40% are illiterate. The main reason of poverty is the unequal distribution of resources and a high difference in Income and this difference is increasing everyday (ratio of urban to rural income is 4.5) (Kurian, 2007)the other main barrier is that sex ratio continues to remain favorable to men and is expected to reach a peak of 117–119 males per 100 females around the period 2021–2026. (Roy & Chattopadhyay, 2012)
Now coming to climatic dependency for income, it effects a huge rural population where the main occupation is fishing and agriculture. Air , water, soil, which are the most important environmental sources for life are decreasing at an alarming rate . Various projects have been started by the government for solving various issues The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is by far one of the most effective program providing opportunities to rural people and has achieved great success During the financial year 2012-13 , the scheme has provided employment to around 4.16 crore households. The average wage rate per day has increased from $ 65 in 2006-07 to about $ 115 in 2011-12. (4)
For improving the present ecological conditions many projects have started like the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (Gupta, 2011).“
References
Gupta, K. (2011). The Role of Judiciary in Promoting Sustainable Development: Need of Specialized Environment Court in India. Journal Of Sustainable Development, 4(2). doi:10.5539/jsd.v4n2p249
Kurian, N. (2007). Widening economic & social disparities: implications for India. The Indian Journal Of Medical Research, 126(4), 374. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18032812
Roy, T., & Chattopadhyay, A. (2012). DAUGHTER DISCRIMINATION AND FUTURE SEX RATIO AT BIRTH IN INDIA. Asian Population Studies, 8(3), 281-299. doi:10.1080/17441730.2012.714669
http://rural.nic.in/sites/downloads/programmes-schemes/Rural_Employment.pdf
